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与思科路由器建立 IPSec VPN (IKE v2)

大约 7 分钟

与思科路由器建立 IPSec VPN (IKE v2)

网络需求

如图所示，通过 IPsec VPN（接口模式）将 2 个局域网连接起来，实现 192.168.111.0/24 与 192.168.112.0/24 两个网段的通信。与思科路由器进行 IPsec VPN（IKE v2）对接。

网络拓扑

image-20230107184945158

配置要点

  • 配置 FortiGate
    • 基本上网配置
    • 配置 IPsec VPN
  • 配置 Cisco_Router
    • 基本上网配置
    • 配置 IPsec VPN
  • 说明：如果要删除 IPSEC VPN 第一阶段、第二阶段时，需要先删除被调用的路由与防火墙安全策略

配置步骤

FortiGate

  1. 基本上网配置。

    image-20230107185414663image-20230107185524335

  2. 配置 IPSec VPN，进入 VPN → IPSec 隧道，点击新建 → IPSec 隧道按钮。

    image-20230107185632247

  3. 选择 IPsec VPN 自定义模板进行配置，点击下一步。

    image-20230107185800178

  4. 配置网络、认证、第一阶段。

    image-20230107195106396
    config vpn ipsec phase1-interface
    edit "VPN-to-Side1"
        set interface "port1"
        set ike-version 2
        set peertype any
        set net-device disable
        set proposal aes128-sha1
        set dpd on-idle
        set remote-gw 101.100.1.1
        set psksecret ENC /HISpjoxUQ1RoRXahwT2OpZmuyYsDY818arB4Q93PztlW0oynlDWuKIk1WIAXFLNldoVFlgOOjBk9Bf9tc6LdI/BeD6CmRvgokNIKa5fVnVgxXLzHM9fPGvtRXb362jpxZkMxuKHcNGVrJCimmjVGAS+gixHgh8mRLj5kaMAbyhNX1odwNNgxYcxqap5iAwncL3ZzQ==
    next
end

  5. 配置第二阶段。

    image-20230107190227294
    config vpn ipsec phase2-interface
    edit "VPN-to-Side1"
        set phase1name "VPN-to-Side1"
        set proposal aes128-sha1
        set auto-negotiate enable
    next
end

  6. 配置 VPN 相关的网段地址对象和防火墙策略。

    image-20230107190621545image-20230107190854693
    config firewall address
    edit "Local_192.168.111.0/24"
        set uuid 3bff7c90-8e7b-51ed-5311-ca9abc900a91
        set subnet 192.168.111.0 255.255.255.0
    next
    edit "Remote_192.168.112.0/24"
        set uuid 4647b500-8e7b-51ed-ea6f-c0ec2647bb42
        set subnet 192.168.112.0 255.255.255.0
    next
end

config firewall policy
    edit 1
        set name "VPN-Local-to-Side1"
        set uuid 7d1e7ce4-8e7b-51ed-19ea-001e373a03f3
        set srcintf "port2"
        set dstintf "VPN-to-Side1"
        set action accept
        set srcaddr "Local_192.168.111.0/24"
        set dstaddr "Remote_192.168.112.0/24"
        set schedule "always"
        set service "ALL"
    next
    edit 2
        set name "VPN-Side1-to-Local"
        set uuid 96c924d2-8e7b-51ed-f2d1-a61215d677f8
        set srcintf "VPN-to-Side1"
        set dstintf "port2"
        set action accept
        set srcaddr "Remote_192.168.112.0/24"
        set dstaddr "Local_192.168.111.0/24"
        set schedule "always"
        set service "ALL"
    next
end

  7. 配置 VPN 业务网段的静态路由。

    image-20230107191059898
    config router static
    edit 1
        set gateway 202.106.1.254
        set device "port1"
    next
    edit 2
        set dst 192.168.112.0 255.255.255.0
        set device "VPN-to-Side1"
    next
    edit 3
        set dst 192.168.112.0 255.255.255.0
        set distance 254
        set blackhole enable
    next
end

Cisco Router

  1. 基本上网配置。

     interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 101.100.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip nat outside
 no shutdown
 !       
 interface Ethernet0/1
 ip address 192.168.112.1 255.255.255.0
 ip nat inside
 no shutdown
 !
 ip nat inside source list 101 interface Ethernet0/0 overload
 ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 101.100.1.254
 !     
 access-list 101 permit ip any any

  2. IPsec IKE v2 的配置。

    crypto ikev2 proposal MY-IKEV2-Proposal
 encryption aes-cbc-128
 integrity sha1
 group 5 14
 !
 crypto ikev2 policy MY_IKEV2_Policy
 proposal MY-IKEV2-Proposal
 !
 crypto ikev2 keyring MY_Keyring
 peer Center
   address 202.106.1.1
   pre-shared-key Fortinet123#
 !
 crypto ikev2 profile MY_IKEV2_Pro
 match identity remote address 202.106.1.1 255.255.255.255
 identity local address 101.100.1.1
 authentication remote pre-share
 authentication local pre-share
 keyring local MY_Keyring
 !
 crypto isakmp keepalive 10 periodic
 !
 crypto ipsec transform-set MY_Trans esp-aes esp-sha-hmac
 mode tunnel
 !
 crypto ipsec profile MY_IPsec_Pro
 set transform-set MY_Trans
 set pfs group5
 set ikev2-profile MY_IKEV2_Pro
 !     
 interface Tunnel0
 ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
 ip mtu 1400
 tunnel source Ethernet0/0
 tunnel mode ipsec ipv4
 tunnel destination 202.106.1.1
 tunnel protection ipsec profile MY_IPsec_Pro
 !
 ip route 192.168.111.0 255.255.255.0 Tunnel0 1.1.1.1

结果验证

  1. FortiGate 上查看 IPSec 隧道建立，在仪表盘新建 IPSec 监控，可以看到 IPSec 建立成功。

    image-20230107193250578

  2. 查看 FortiGate 的路由表。

    FortiGate # get router info routing-table all
Codes: K - kernel, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP
       O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
       * - candidate default

Routing table for VRF=0
S*      0.0.0.0/0 [10/0] via 202.106.1.254, port1, [1/0]
C       192.168.111.0/24 is directly connected, port2
S       192.168.112.0/24 [10/0] via VPN-to-Side1 tunnel 101.100.1.1, [1/0]
C       202.106.1.0/24 is directly connected, port1

  3. FortiGate 侧业务测试。

    FortiGate # execute ping-options source 192.168.111.1

FortiGate # execute ping 192.168.112.1
PING 192.168.112.1 (192.168.112.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.112.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=1.0 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.112.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=1.2 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.112.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.9 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.112.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=1.1 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.112.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=1.0 ms

--- 192.168.112.1 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.9/1.0/1.2 ms

  4. 查看 FortiGate 隧道状态。

    FortiGate # diagnose vpn ike gateway list
vd: root/0
name: VPN-to-Side1
version: 2
interface: port1 3
addr: 202.106.1.1:500 -> 101.100.1.1:500
tun_id: 101.100.1.1/::101.100.1.1
remote_location: 0.0.0.0
network-id: 0
created: 189s ago
PPK: no
IKE SA: created 1/1  established 1/1  time 10/10/10 ms
IPsec SA: created 1/1  established 1/1  time 10/10/10 ms
  id/spi: 371 c9520b1c2bc0e6c8/6aade7b829009948
  direction: initiator
  status: established 189-189s ago = 10ms
  proposal: aes128-sha1
  child: no
  SK_ei: 75237437cff25754-cf7db509c4681115
  SK_er: b32740a409713752-dee1a9e800220c20
  SK_ai: a51d7711574f8d4a-44ccb29646bb5227-6ea8727f
  SK_ar: 4e8c3e430012d7d7-bc227ae5d10bf045-205b82e5
  PPK: no
  message-id sent/recv: 11/0
  lifetime/rekey: 86400/85910
  DPD sent/recv: 0000000c/0000000c

FortiGate # diagnose vpn tunnel list
list all ipsec tunnel in vd 0
------------------------------------------------------
name=VPN-to-Side1 ver=2 serial=1 202.106.1.1:0->101.100.1.1:0 tun_id=101.100.1.1 tun_id6=::101.100.1.1 dst_mtu=1500 dpd-link=on weight=1
bound_if=3 lgwy=static/1 tun=intf mode=auto/1 encap=none/552 options[0228]=npu frag-rfc  run_state=0 role=primary accept_traffic=1 overla0
proxyid_num=1 child_num=0 refcnt=4 ilast=3 olast=3 ad=/0
stat: rxp=0 txp=0 rxb=0 txb=0
dpd: mode=on-idle on=1 idle=20000ms retry=3 count=0 seqno=13
natt: mode=none draft=0 interval=0 remote_port=0
proxyid=VPN-to-Side1 proto=0 sa=1 ref=2 serial=1 auto-negotiate
  src: 0:0.0.0.0-255.255.255.255:0
  dst: 0:0.0.0.0-255.255.255.255:0
  SA:  ref=3 options=38203 type=00 soft=0 mtu=1438 expire=42694/0B replaywin=2048
       seqno=1 esn=0 replaywin_lastseq=00000000 qat=0 rekey=0 hash_search_len=1
  life: type=01 bytes=0/0 timeout=42898/43200
  dec: spi=148a8320 esp=aes key=16 2c299d148b78322997ffe3948ea8a426
       ah=sha1 key=20 c713f9ec7cecb6b6ffc80ce6fc407e8dc565a56f
  enc: spi=2e03e37b esp=aes key=16 ef6e6e604f710a27393927db2be5c431
       ah=sha1 key=20 d80fc71d9b6947366693bff2a3c205b6b8b3b95d
  dec:pkts/bytes=0/0, enc:pkts/bytes=0/0
  npu_flag=00 npu_rgwy=101.100.1.1 npu_lgwy=202.106.1.1 npu_selid=0 dec_npuid=0 enc_npuid=0
run_tally=0

  5. Cisco_Router 侧业务测试。

    Router#ping 192.168.111.1 source 192.168.112.1 repeat 100   
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 100, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.111.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.112.1 
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (100/100), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/4/7 ms

Router#show crypto ikev2 sa
 IPv4 Crypto IKEv2  SA 

Tunnel-id Local                 Remote                fvrf/ivrf            Status 
2         101.100.1.1/500       202.106.1.1/500       none/none            READY  
      Encr: AES-CBC, keysize: 128, PRF: SHA1, Hash: SHA96, DH Grp:14, Auth sign: PSK, Auth verify: PSK
      Life/Active Time: 86400/261 sec

  6. FortiGate 侧抓包查看。

    FortiGate # dia sni pa any "host 192.168.112.1 or host 101.100.1.1" 4
Using Original Sniffing Mode
interfaces=[any]
filters=[host 192.168.112.1 or host 101.100.1.1]
1.980972 VPN-to-Side1 out 192.168.111.1 -> 192.168.112.1: icmp: echo request
1.981265 port1 out 202.106.1.1 -> 101.100.1.1: ESP(spi=0x2e03e37b,seq=0x2)
1.982549 port1 in 101.100.1.1 -> 202.106.1.1: ESP(spi=0x148a8320,seq=0x1)
1.982619 VPN-to-Side1 in 192.168.112.1 -> 192.168.111.1: icmp: echo reply
2.981743 VPN-to-Side1 out 192.168.111.1 -> 192.168.112.1: icmp: echo request
2.981768 port1 out 202.106.1.1 -> 101.100.1.1: ESP(spi=0x2e03e37b,seq=0x3)
2.982852 port1 in 101.100.1.1 -> 202.106.1.1: ESP(spi=0x148a8320,seq=0x2)
2.982869 VPN-to-Side1 in 192.168.112.1 -> 192.168.111.1: icmp: echo reply
3.982291 VPN-to-Side1 out 192.168.111.1 -> 192.168.112.1: icmp: echo request
3.982312 port1 out 202.106.1.1 -> 101.100.1.1: ESP(spi=0x2e03e37b,seq=0x4)
3.983316 port1 in 101.100.1.1 -> 202.106.1.1: ESP(spi=0x148a8320,seq=0x3)
3.983333 VPN-to-Side1 in 192.168.112.1 -> 192.168.111.1: icmp: echo reply
4.983018 VPN-to-Side1 out 192.168.111.1 -> 192.168.112.1: icmp: echo request
4.983039 port1 out 202.106.1.1 -> 101.100.1.1: ESP(spi=0x2e03e37b,seq=0x5)
4.984193 port1 in 101.100.1.1 -> 202.106.1.1: ESP(spi=0x148a8320,seq=0x4)
4.984212 VPN-to-Side1 in 192.168.112.1 -> 192.168.111.1: icmp: echo reply
5.983838 VPN-to-Side1 out 192.168.111.1 -> 192.168.112.1: icmp: echo request
5.983860 port1 out 202.106.1.1 -> 101.100.1.1: ESP(spi=0x2e03e37b,seq=0x6)
5.984866 port1 in 101.100.1.1 -> 202.106.1.1: ESP(spi=0x148a8320,seq=0x5)
5.984884 VPN-to-Side1 in 192.168.112.1 -> 192.168.111.1: icmp: echo reply

说明

  1. 关于 sniffer 抓 VPN 业务和 ESP 的包：

    • 抓取 IPsec VPN 的 IKE 协商包：

      diagnose sniffer packet any "host 101.1.1.1 and (port 500 or port 4500)" 4

    • 抓取 IPsec VPN 的 ESP 加密数据包：

      diagnose sniffer packet any "host 101.1.1.1 and esp" 4

    • 抓取 IPsec VPN 的明文业务数据包：

      diagnose sniffer packet any "host 192.168.112.100 and icmp" 4

    • 注意：由于硬件设备存在 IPsec VPN 芯片加速，因此可能数据包会抓不完全，主要指“ESP 数据和明文业务数据”抓不全，因此有时候需要将 VPN 隧道的 NP 加速关闭：

      FortiGate # config vpn ipsec phase1-interface        
FortiGate (phase1-interface) # edit BJ-OSPF-TO-SH        
FortiGate (BJ-OSPF-TO-SH) # set npu-offload disable
FortiGate (BJ-OSPF-TO-SH) # end

  2. Cisco Router IPsec VPN 传统的 Crypto MAP 的配置方式（上述为 VTI 方式的 IPsec VPN）。

    FortiGate 只需要修改IPsec VPN的第二阶段（添加明确的感兴趣流即可），其他的所有配置不变：
config vpn ipsec phase2-interface
    edit "VPN-TO-Side1"
        set phase1name "VPN-TO-Side1"
        set proposal 3des-md5 aes128-sha1
        set auto-negotiate enable
        set src-subnet 192.168.111.0 255.255.255.0
        set dst-subnet 192.168.112.0 255.255.255.0
    next
end

Cisco_Router配置：
hostname Side_Router
!
interface Ethernet0/0
ip address 101.100.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat outside
crypto map MY_MAP
!
interface Ethernet0/1
ip address 192.168.112.1 255.255.255.0
ip nat inside
!
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 101.100.1.254
access-list 101 deny ip 192.168.112.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.111.0 0.0.0.255 //NAT需bypass掉VPN流量
access-list 101 permit ip any any
ip nat inside source list 101 interface Ethernet0/0 overload
crypto ikev2 proposal MY-IKEV2-Proposal
encryption aes-cbc-128
integrity sha1
group 5 14
!
crypto ikev2 policy MY_IKEV2_Policy
proposal MY-IKEV2-Proposal
!
crypto ikev2 keyring MY_Keyring
peer Center
  address 202.106.1.1
  pre-shared-key Fortinet123#
!
crypto ikev2 profile MY_IKEV2_Pro
match identity remote address 202.106.1.1 255.255.255.255
identity local address 101.100.1.1
authentication remote pre-share
authentication local pre-share
keyring local MY_Keyring
!
crypto isakmp keepalive 10 periodic
!
crypto ipsec transform-set MY_Trans esp-aes esp-sha-hmac
mode tunnel
!
access-list 102 permit ip 192.168.112.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.111.0 0.0.0.255
!
crypto map MY_MAP 10 ipsec-isakmp
set peer 202.106.1.1
set transform-set MY_Trans
set pfs group5
set ikev2-profile MY_IKEV2_Pro
match address 102
统计数据加载中…
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