常用基础命令

2025/10/29大约 3 分钟

常用基础命令

命令结构

config      Configure object.                           对策略，对象等进行配置
get         Get dynamic and system information.         查看相关关对象的参数信息
show        Show configuration.                         查看配置文件
diagnose    Diagnose facility.                          诊断命令
execute     Execute static commands.                    常用的工具命令，如 ping
exit        Exit the CLI.                               退出

常用命令

常用配置命令

配置接口地址

FortiGate # config system interface
FortiGate (interface) # edit lan
FortiGate (lan) # set ip 192.168.100.99/24
FortiGate (lan) # end

配置静态路由

FortiGate # config router static 
FortiGate (static) # edit 0                  //“ 0 ”系统自动分配路由条目的序号
FortiGate (0) # set device wan1              //出接口
FortiGate (0) # set dst 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0   //目的网段
FortiGate (0) # set gateway 192.168.57.1     //网关IP
FortiGate (0) # end

配置默认路由

FortiGate # config router static 
FortiGate (static) # edit 0  
FortiGate (0) # set gateway 192.168.57.1
FortiGate (0) # set device wan1
FortiGate (0) # end

添加IP地址对象

FortiGate # config firewall address
FortiGate (address) # edit clientnet
new entry 'clientnet' added
FortiGate (clientnet) # set subnet 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
FortiGate (clientnet) # end

添加IP池

FortiGate# config firewall ippool 
FortiGate (ippool) # edit nat-pool
new entry 'nat-pool' added
FortiGate (nat-pool) # set startip 100.100.100.1
FortiGate (nat-pool) # set endip 100.100.100.100
FortiGate (nat-pool) # end

添加虚拟IP

FortiGate # config firewall vip
FortiGate (vip) # edit webserver
new entry 'webserver' added
FortiGate (webserver) # set extip 202.0.0.167
FortiGate (webserver) # set extintf wan1
FortiGate (webserver) # set mappedip 192.168.0.168
FortiGate (webserver) # end

配置上网策略

FortiGate # config firewall policy
FortiGate (policy) # edit 1        
FortiGate (1)#set srcintf internal     //源接口
FortiGate (1)#set dstintf wan1         //目的接口
FortiGate (1)#set srcaddr all          //源地址
FortiGate (1)#set dstaddr all          //目的地址
FortiGate (1)#set action accept        //动作
FortiGate (1)#set schedule always      //时间
FortiGate (1)#set service ALL          //服务
FortiGate (1)#set logtraffic disable   //日志开关
FortiGate (1)#set nat enable           //开启nat
FortiGate (1)#end

配置VIP映射策略

FortiGate # config firewall policy
FortiGate (policy) #edit 2
FortiGate (2)#set srcintf wan1      //源接口
FortiGate (2)#set dstintf internal  //目的接口
FortiGate (2)#set srcaddr all       //源地址
FortiGate (2)#set dstaddr ngfw1     //目的地址，虚拟VIP映射，需要先配置好VIP条目才可以被调用
FortiGate (2)#set action accept     //动作
FortiGate (2)#set schedule always   //时间
FortiGate (2)#set service ALL       //服务
FortiGate (2)#set logtraffic all    //日志开关
end

常用show命令

查看设备信息、主机名，管理端口
```
FortiGate # show system global
```

查看系统状态信息和当前资源信息

FortiGate # get system status
FortiGate # get system performance status

查看应用流量统计

FortiGate # get system performance firewall statistics

查看ARP表
```
FortiGate # get system arp
```
查看arp丰富信息
```
FortiGate # diagnose ip arp list
```

清除ARP缓存

FortiGate # execute clear system arp table

查看当前会话表

FortiGate # diagnose sys session stat
FortiGate # diagnose sys session full-stat

查看会话列表
```
FortiGate # diagnose sys session list
```

查看物理接口状态

FortiGate # get system interface physical

查看默认路由配置
```
FortiGate # show router static
```

查看路由表中的静态路由

FortiGate # get router info routing-table static

查看OSPF相关配置
```
FortiGate # show router ospf
```

查看全局路由表

FortiGate # get router info routing-table all

查看HA状态
```
FortiGate # get system ha status
```
查看主备机是否同步
```
FortiGate # diagnose sys ha checksum
```

常用诊断命令

IPSec IKE

FortiGate # diagnose debug application ike -1
FortiGate # diagnose debug enable

常用execute命令

FortiGate #execute  ping  8.8.8.8                         //常规ping操作
FortiGate #execute  ping-options source  192.168.1.200    //指定ping数据包的源地址 192.168.1.200
FortiGate #execute  ping  8.8.8.8                         //继续输入ping的目标地址，即可通过192.168.1.200的源地址执行ping操作
FortiGate #execute  traceroute   8.8.8.8                  
FortiGate #execute  telnet 2.2.2.2      //进行telnet访问                  
FortiGate #execute  ssh  2.2.2.2        //进行ssh 访问
FortiGate #execute  factoryreset        //恢复出厂设置
FortiGate #execute  reboot              //重启设备
FortiGate #execute  shutdown            //关闭设备